Did you know better air quality improves your health, mood, and productivity? Studies have also shown that improved air quality decreases the risk of premature death.
Also, who wouldn’t love a green scenario in their house? This is the perfect time to bring these all-season plants which can elevate your mood and health.
Scientific Research on Plants and Indoor Air Quality
The NASA Clean Air Study (1989) found that houseplants like Snake Plant (Sansevieria), Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum), and English Ivy (Hedera helix) could remove pollutants such as formaldehyde and benzene in sealed environments.
Soil microorganisms were also shown to play a significant role in this process. However, the study was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions and does not reflect typical indoor spaces.
Wolverton et al. (1996) expanded on NASA’s research, studying additional plant species such as Bamboo Palm, Rubber Plant, and Golden Pothos. These plants were found to be effective in reducing VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds).
The research highlighted that larger plants or higher densities could improve results but did not fully address real-world applicability.
Cummings and Waring (2019) challenged these findings by testing potted plants in real-world environments. They concluded that plants’ air-cleaning effects were negligible compared to ventilation systems.
While houseplants enhance aesthetics and well-being, their contribution to improving air quality in practical settings is minimal. So, If they can take these plants to space, then why not in our house?
Here is the list of plants you can add to your house to keep the air clean and create a healthy environment:
Easy-to-Care-For Plants
These are perfect for beginners or anyone who wants low-maintenance greenery.
1. Snake Plant (Sansevieria)
Known as the “mother-in-law’s tongue,” this plant is one of the best air purifiers. It removes toxins like formaldehyde, benzene, and xylene, which are commonly found in cleaning products, paints, and furniture. It also produces oxygen at night, improving air quality while you sleep.
How to care:
- Place it in low to bright indirect light. Water only when the soil is completely dry, which could be every two to three weeks, depending on your climate. Overwatering is the main cause of problems, so let the soil dry out thoroughly between waterings.
- It’s great for beginners because it can survive neglect and thrives in almost any indoor environment.
2. Golden Pothos
Often called the “money plant,” it’s a favorite for improving air quality by removing pollutants like carbon monoxide and formaldehyde. It’s also one of the fastest-growing indoor plants, making it great for hanging baskets or climbing trellises.
How to care:
- Golden Pothos thrives in a range of lighting conditions, from low light to bright indirect sunlight. Allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings. It’s forgiving if you forget to water it occasionally.
- Wipe the leaves occasionally to prevent dust buildup, which can block its ability to purify the air.
3. Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum)
This plant is great at removing carbon monoxide and other harmful toxins. It’s non-toxic to pets, making it a safe choice for homes with furry friends. Spider plants also produce baby plants, or “spiderettes,” which you can easily propagate.
How to care:
- Keep it in low to medium light and water it once a week. Spider plants prefer slightly dry soil, so don’t overwater.
- Place it near a window where it can get some indirect sunlight, and rotate the pot occasionally to encourage even growth.
4. Chinese Evergreen (Aglaonema)
Known for its beautiful, variegated leaves, this plant doesn’t just purify the air; it also adds a touch of elegance to any room. It’s especially good at removing toxins like benzene and formaldehyde.
How to care:
- This plant thrives in low to medium light and only needs watering once the soil is dry to the touch. It’s very forgiving, so if you occasionally forget to water, it’ll bounce back quickly.
- Rotate the plant every few weeks to ensure even growth and prevent it from leaning toward the light source.
5. Philodendron
With its heart-shaped leaves and easy-going nature, the philodendron is a classic indoor plant. It’s effective at filtering toxins like formaldehyde, commonly found in carpets and furniture.
How to care:
- This plant prefers indirect light but can tolerate low light. Water it when the top inch of soil feels dry, and avoid overwatering to prevent root rot.
- Use a moss pole or trellis to help it climb, or let it trail from a hanging pot for a beautiful display.
6. Rubber Plant (Ficus elastica)
Its large, glossy leaves make it a standout in any room. It’s also excellent at removing airborne toxins like formaldehyde, which is often emitted by synthetic fabrics and wood products.
How to care:
- Keep it in medium to bright indirect light. Water when the topsoil feels dry, and wipe the leaves with a damp cloth to keep them dust-free and shiny.
- Rubber plants grow quickly, so prune them occasionally to maintain their shape. They also benefit from a well-draining potting mix.
7. Aloe Vera
Beyond its air-purifying qualities, aloe vera is a natural first-aid plant. Its gel can soothe burns, cuts, and skin irritation. It’s particularly good at removing formaldehyde and benzene from the air.
How to care:
- Place it in bright, indirect sunlight. Water it deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering can cause root rot.
- Use terracotta pots for aloe vera to prevent excess moisture buildup.
Plants That Need a Little Extra Love
If you’re up for a bit more care, these plants will reward you with their beauty and air-cleaning abilities.
8. Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum)
The peace lily not only looks graceful with its white blooms but also removes harmful toxins like ammonia and benzene. It’s one of the few plants that can flower indoors under the right conditions.
How to care:
- Keep its soil consistently moist but not soggy. It prefers indirect light and higher humidity, so mist it regularly, especially in dry climates.
- Watch for drooping leaves—they’re a sign it needs water. However, avoid overwatering, as it’s prone to root rot.
9. Bamboo Palm (Chamaedorea seifrizii)
This tropical plant adds a touch of greenery while helping to clean the air. It’s particularly good at increasing indoor humidity, which can help alleviate dry skin and respiratory issues.
How to care:
- Bamboo palms prefer indirect light and moist but well-drained soil. Mist the leaves to maintain humidity, and ensure they’re not exposed to direct sunlight, which can scorch them.:
- Place it in a room with moderate temperatures and away from cold drafts.
10. Corn Plant (Dracaena fragrans)
This plant’s tall, tree-like appearance adds height to your indoor garden. It’s excellent at removing toxins like xylene and formaldehyde.
- How to care: Corn plants thrive in medium light and need watering when the topsoil feels dry. Dust its leaves regularly to keep them healthy and vibrant.
- Extra tip: Keep it away from pets, as its leaves can be toxic if ingested.
11. English Ivy (Hedera helix)
It’s a superstar at removing mold spores and allergens from the air, making it ideal for people with allergies. Its trailing vines also make it a popular choice for hanging pots.
How to care:
- Place it in bright, indirect light. Water when the topsoil feels dry, and mist the plant regularly to maintain humidity.
- Trim it often to prevent it from becoming too leggy and encourage bushy growth.
High-Maintenance but Rewarding Plants
These plants need a bit more care, but their beauty and air-purifying abilities make them worth the effort.
12. Boston Fern (Nephrolepis exaltata)
With its lush, feathery fronds, the Boston Fern is a natural humidifier and helps remove harmful toxins like formaldehyde and xylene. It’s perfect for improving air quality in dry spaces.
How to care:
- This plant loves humidity and indirect light. Water it consistently to keep the soil moist but not soggy, and mist it daily or place a tray of water nearby to boost humidity.
- Boston Ferns thrive in bathrooms because of the natural humidity, as long as there’s enough light.
13. Areca Palm (Dypsis lutescens)
Also called the butterfly palm, it’s known for its elegant, arching fronds and ability to filter toxins like benzene and carbon dioxide. It’s also great at increasing indoor humidity.
How to care:
- Place it in bright, indirect light and water regularly to keep the soil lightly moist. Areca palms are sensitive to overwatering, so ensure the pot has good drainage.
- Use filtered water or let tap water sit overnight to avoid mineral buildup, which can harm the plant.
14. Fiddle Leaf Fig (Ficus lyrata)
A favorite among interior decorators, this plant has large, glossy leaves that make a bold statement. It improves air quality by filtering toxins and adding oxygen to your space.
How to care:
- Fiddle leaf figs thrive in bright, indirect sunlight. Water them when the top inch of soil feels dry, but avoid letting them sit in water. They’re sensitive to changes, so keep them in a stable environment without drafts or temperature swings.
- Rotate the pot every few weeks to ensure even growth, as it tends to lean toward the light.
15. Weeping Fig (Ficus benjamina)
This tree-like plant is a powerful air purifier, targeting pollutants like formaldehyde and benzene. Its elegant, arching branches make it a beautiful addition to larger rooms.
How to care:
- It prefers bright, indirect light and consistent watering. Allow the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Weeping figs are sensitive to environmental changes, so avoid moving them frequently.
- Prune it regularly to shape its growth and remove any dead leaves.
How Does The Plant Purify The Air?
Plants purify the air through a combination of natural processes involving their leaves, roots, and associated microorganisms in the soil. During photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, improving air composition.
Additionally, they take in airborne pollutants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through tiny pores on their leaves, breaking them down into less harmful substances. The root-soil system also contributes to air purification as microorganisms metabolize pollutants absorbed by the plant.
While these processes are effective in controlled conditions, their impact in typical indoor environments is limited due to the scale required for significant results. Nonetheless, houseplants offer aesthetic and psychological benefits that enhance indoor spaces.
Do All Plants Purify Air?
Not all plants purify the air effectively. While many plants contribute to air quality by releasing oxygen during photosynthesis and absorbing some pollutants, their air-purifying capabilities vary significantly.
Plants like Snake Plant (Sansevieria), Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum), and Golden Pothos (Epipremnum aureum) are known for their ability to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like formaldehyde, benzene, and carbon monoxide, especially in controlled environments. However, not all plants have this capacity or are equally effective.
Some plants primarily provide aesthetic value without significantly impacting air quality. Additionally, the impact of even air-purifying plants in real-world indoor spaces is minimal compared to mechanical ventilation or air filtration systems.
While all plants contribute to a healthier environment by producing oxygen, their role in purifying indoor air depends on the species, environmental conditions, and pollutant levels.
Comparing Air Purifiers vs. Air-Purifying Plants: Pros and Cons
You might be thinking why do I need plants in my house to purify the air when I can easily buy an air purifier and let it work 24/7? Wouldn’t this be a more practical and efficient way?
And you would be right thinking this but plants are not only for air purifying but also add other benefits to your house.
Here’s a table comparing the pros and cons of air purifiers and air-purifying plants:
| Feature | Air Purifiers | Air-Purifying Plants |
|---|---|---|
| Air Purification Efficiency | High; removes a wide range of pollutants. | Limited; effective for some VOCs, not all pollutants. |
| Maintenance | Requires regular filter changes and cleaning. | Requires watering, occasional pruning, and repotting. |
| Energy Consumption | Uses electricity to run continuously. | No electricity is required, entirely natural. |
| Aesthetic Value | Functional but not necessarily decorative. | Adds greenery and enhances room aesthetics. |
| Health Benefits | Improves air quality and respiratory health. | Improves air quality and provides psychological benefits. |
Conclusion:
- Air Purifiers are more efficient at cleaning the air, especially for specific pollutants like dust, smoke, and allergens. However, they require maintenance, consume electricity, and can be costly long-term.
- Air-Purifying Plants offer natural aesthetic benefits, improve oxygen levels, and contribute to overall well-being with lower maintenance and no energy costs. However, their air purification capabilities are more limited compared to air purifiers, especially in larger or more polluted spaces.
Final Thoughts
Imagine walking into a room that feels fresh, calm, and full of life. That’s what air-purifying plants can do for your home. Not only do they look beautiful, but they also help make your space healthier. NASA has been growing these plants since the 1940s. So what are you waiting for?
